What is the Basalt? And what types of it?

What is the Basalt? And what types of it?

Basalt is volcanic igneous rock solid black. Contains less than 52% of silica (SiO2). Because of the low content of basalt, silica rocks viscosity (resistance to flow) are low. So the basaltic lava can flow quickly and easily move. Low viscosity allows volcanic gases exit without generating huge explosions. But basaltic lava fountains and explosions still cracks form explosive fountains hundreds of meters in length. Among common minerals in basalt: (Olivine), and (Pyroxene), and (Plagioclase). Basalt explodes in temperatures between 1100 to 1250 ° Celsius.

Basaltic rocks Almhlih consists of a set of elements and oxides most important of which eight are:

Oxide silicon SiO2, and aluminum oxide Al2O3, and iron oxide triple Fe2O3 and iron oxide bilateral FeO oxide magnesium MgO oxide Calcium CaO and sodium oxide Na2O and potassium oxide K2O addition to oxides other small amounts, and these oxides and compositions chemical constituent of the rocks, the Alawgat is a key element in the formation of basalt followed in important Albulagjuklas and olefins Alnevelin, Albroonzi and Alawrtoclas.

Types of basalt

Large masses must cool slowly to form a polygonal join pattern

Basalt Fildspata, composite of olefins Albulagjuklas, Alawgat and Almagnati has Sammakia structure.

Alkali basalt which is characterized as containing a high percentage of sodium, potassium, and widespread types, Turakhitt Aldulireta which is difficult to be distinguished from basalt Fildspata only boasts on Alawrtoclas.

It basaltic rock group rock component Alotfrat of Alawgat Albulagjuklas and Alnevelin, contained olefins is typical basalt rock. And there are other types of basalt, such as: basalt Alnevelina, and basalt Alloaziti, basalt Almililia well Alonamisi and Aloncaramit Alduliret Hababi fabric. And knows porous basalt rich blisters and cavities «pumice, filled Msamath some minerals such as calcite, chlorite or quartz knew basalt Lozi (or restaurant) Amygdale.

Basalt differs from igneous rocks other Almhlih such granite Algabro and other esoteric rock arrival deadlines containing basalt to the earth's surface through the holes and craters and volcanic explosions and by lava flows from fissures and cracks in the earth's crust Vibrd in contact with air. While granite and cooling and his ilk of rocks known as: Igneous esoteric (Alblutunip), in isolation from the air and in the depths of the earth. So different degree of crystallization, so the crystals in the rock surface staining accurate and smooth, and in the inner fiery rock rough and large. As well as different types of basalt set according to the degree of Haamadatha determined by the proportion of silica in the rock Vtkon acidic if the percentage of silica and is essential if this percentage declined, Vck Alriuliet volcanic rock impulsive as the percentage of acidic Vasilisa to 65% of the chemical composition. It varieties Alriuliet rock Sbj (Aloobsidian), a volcanic glass that made him a man ages stone tools and weapons. The rock Turakhitt and understanding moderate acidity ratio (silica 55-65%), while longer rock basalt Model Alduliret of rock core by silica ranged between 45 - 55% and similar installation basalt Model installing rock Alfabero esoteric (Alblutuna), understanding Ckran essential. Table 1 shows the location basalt and his coterie of a group of igneous rocks impulsivity and esoteric. Rich basalt rock cracks and joints which paint hexagonal polygons and columns are perpendicular to the axis of basalt flow membranes known as the harmonium basalt.

And belongs to the group of basalt rocks Subduction horizontal and vertical harden between rock layers is very close to the earth's surface